Biology STAAR (State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

The adrenal glands play a crucial role in the body's response to stress, primarily by producing hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and norepinephrine. These hormones are integral to the "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body to respond to perceived threats or emergencies. When faced with stress, the adrenal glands release these hormones into the bloodstream, causing various physiological changes such as increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and heightened alertness. This rapid response ensures that the body is ready to either confront the danger or escape from it.

The other roles listed do not pertain to the primary function of the adrenal glands. For instance, regulating body temperature is primarily managed by the hypothalamus and other components of the endocrine system. Control of voluntary muscle movements is mainly a function of the central nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord. Insulin secretion is the responsibility of the pancreas, which regulates blood sugar levels, not the adrenal glands.